如何在Arch Linux中查找已安裝的專有軟件包？

作者：Sk 2018-07-10 08:59:07

你是狂熱的自由軟件支持者嗎？你目前在使用任何基于 Arch 的 Linux 發(fā)行版嗎？我有一個(gè)小小的提示送給你！現(xiàn)在，你可以輕松地在 Arch Linux 及其變體中找到已安裝的專有軟件包。

你是狂熱的自由軟件支持者嗎？你目前在使用任何基于 Arch 的 Linux 發(fā)行版嗎？我有一個(gè)小小的提示送給你！現(xiàn)在，你可以輕松地在 Arch Linux 及其變體（如 Antergos、Manjaro Linux 等）中找到已安裝的專有軟件包。你無需在已安裝軟件包的網(wǎng)站中參考其許可細(xì)節(jié)，也無需使用任何其它外部工具來查明軟件包是自由的還是專有的。（LCTT 譯注：其實(shí)下面還是借助了一個(gè)外部程序）

在 Arch Linux 中查找已安裝的專有軟件包

一位開發(fā)人員開發(fā)了一個(gè)名為 “Absolutely Proprietary” 的實(shí)用程序，它是一種用于基于 Arch 發(fā)行版的專有軟件包檢測器。它將基于 Arch 系統(tǒng)中的所有安裝包與 Parabola 的軟件包 blacklist 和 aur-blacklist 進(jìn)行比較，然后顯示出你的斯托曼自由指數(shù)Stallman Freedom Index（“自由/總計(jì)”比分）。此外，你可以將該列表保存到文件中，并與其他系統(tǒng)/用戶共享或比較。

在安裝之前，確保你安裝了 Python 和 Git。

然后，git clone 倉庫：

git clone https://github.com/vmavromatis/absolutely-proprietary.git

這條命令將會(huì)下載所有內(nèi)容到你當(dāng)前工作目錄中的 absolutely-proprietary 目錄。

進(jìn)入此目錄：

cd absolutely-proprietary

接著，使用以下命令查找已安裝的專有軟件：

python main.py

這條命令將會(huì)下載 blacklist.txt、aur-blacklist.txt，并將本地已安裝的軟件包與遠(yuǎn)程軟件包進(jìn)行比較并顯示其指數(shù)。

以下是在我的 Arch Linux 桌面的示例輸出：

Retrieving local packages (including AUR)...
Downloading https://git.parabola.nu/blacklist.git/plain/blacklist.txt
Downloading https://git.parabola.nu/blacklist.git/plain/aur-blacklist.txt
Comparing local packages to remote...
=============================================
47 ABSOLUTELY PROPRIETARY PACKAGES INSTALLED
=============================================
 
Your GNU/Linux is infected with 47 proprietary packages out of 1370 total installed.
Your Stallman Freedom Index is 96.57
 
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Name | Status | Libre Alternatives | Description |
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| chromium-pepper-flash | nonfree | | proprietary Google Chrome EULA, missing sources |
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| faac | nonfree | | [FIXME:description] is a GPL'ed package, but has non free code that can't be distributed und|
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| libunrar | nonfree | | part of nonfree unrar, Issue442 |
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| opera | nonfree | | nonfree, nondistributable, built from binary installers, etc |
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| shutter | nonfree | | need registered user to download (and access website) the source code and depends perl-net-d|
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ttf-ms-fonts | nonfree | | |
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ttf-ubuntu-font-family | nonfree | | Ubuntu font license considered non-free by DFSG and Fedora |
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| unace | nonfree | | license forbids making competing ACE archivers from unace |
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| unrar | nonfree | unar | |
| | | fsf | |
| | | unrar | |
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| virtualbox | nonfree | | contains BIOS which needs a nonfree compiler to build from source (OpenWatcom compiler), doe|
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| wordnet | nonfree | | |
+------------------------|---------|--------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 
 
Save list to file? (Y/n)

如你所見，我的系統(tǒng)中有 47 個(gè)專有軟件包。就像我說的那樣，我們可以將它保存到文件中稍后查看。為此，當(dāng)提示你將列表保存在文件時(shí)，請按 y。然后按 y 接受默認(rèn)值，或按 n 以你喜歡的格式和位置來保存它。

Save list to file? (Y/n) y
Save as markdown table? (Y/n) y
Save it to (/tmp/tmpkuky_082.md): y
The list is saved at /home/sk/absolutely-proprietary/y.md
 
You can review it from the command line
using the "less -S /home/sk/absolutely-proprietary/y.md"
or, if installed, the "most /home/sk/absolutely-proprietary/y.md" commands