在 Blazor 中使用 Chart.js 快速創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)可視化圖表

作者：大姚 2025-04-02 07:37:29

Blazor是一種新興的Web應(yīng)用程序框架，具有很大的潛力和發(fā)展前景。Blazor是在.NET和Razor上構(gòu)建的用戶界面框架，它采用了最新的Web技術(shù)和.NET框架優(yōu)勢(shì)，可以使用C# 編程語言編寫Web 應(yīng)用程序，它不僅可以提高開發(fā)效率，還可以提供更好的用戶體驗(yàn)和更好的可維護(hù)性。

前言

BlazorChartjs 是一個(gè)在 Blazor 中使用 Chart.js 的庫（支持Blazor WebAssembly和Blazor Server兩種模式），它提供了簡(jiǎn)單易用的組件來幫助開發(fā)者快速集成數(shù)據(jù)可視化圖表到他們的 Blazor 應(yīng)用程序中。本文我們將一起來學(xué)習(xí)一下在 Blazor 中使用 Chart.js 快速創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)可視化圖表。

Blazor是什么？

創(chuàng)建Blazor WebAssembly應(yīng)用

創(chuàng)建名為ChartjsExercise的Blazor WebAssembly應(yīng)用：

圖片

安裝NuGet

安裝PSC.Blazor.Components.Chartjs包：

圖片

添加以下腳本

打開index.html文件，在頁面末尾添加以下腳本：

<script src="_content/PSC.Blazor.Components.Chartjs/lib/Chart.js/chart.js"></script>
<script src="_content/PSC.Blazor.Components.Chartjs/Chart.js" type="module"></script>

圖片

引入組件

打開你的_Imports.razor文件并添加以下內(nèi)容：

@using PSC.Blazor.Components.Chartjs
@using PSC.Blazor.Components.Chartjs.Enums
@using PSC.Blazor.Components.Chartjs.Models
@using PSC.Blazor.Components.Chartjs.Models.Common
@using PSC.Blazor.Components.Chartjs.Models.Bar
@using PSC.Blazor.Components.Chartjs.Models.Bubble
@using PSC.Blazor.Components.Chartjs.Models.Doughnut
@using PSC.Blazor.Components.Chartjs.Models.Line
@using PSC.Blazor.Components.Chartjs.Models.Pie
@using PSC.Blazor.Components.Chartjs.Models.Polar
@using PSC.Blazor.Components.Chartjs.Models.Radar
@using PSC.Blazor.Components.Chartjs.Models.Scatter

圖片

柱狀圖

創(chuàng)建BarSimple.razor組件：

圖片

razor頁面代碼

@page "/BarSimple"
@using ChartjsExercise.Model
<h3>柱狀圖</h3>

<Chart Cnotallow="_config" @ref="_chart" Height="500px"></Chart>

@code {
    private BarChartConfig? _config;
    private Chart? _chart;

    protected override async Task OnInitializedAsync()
    {
        _config = new BarChartConfig()
            {
                Options = new Options()
                {
                    Responsive = true,
                    MaintainAspectRatio = false,
                    Plugins = new Plugins()
                    {
                        Legend = new Legend()
                        {
                            Align = Align.Center,
                            Display = true,
                            Position = LegendPosition.Right
                        }
                    },
                    Scales = new Dictionary<string, Axis>()
                {
                    {
                        Scales.XAxisId, new Axis()
                        {
                            Stacked = true,
                            Ticks = new Ticks()
                            {
                                MaxRotation = 0,
                                MinRotation = 0
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    {
                        Scales.YAxisId, new Axis()
                        {
                            Stacked = true
                        }
                    }
                }
                }
            };

        _config.Data.Labels = BarSimpleData.SimpleBarText;
        _config.Data.Datasets.Add(new BarDataset()
            {
                Label = "Value",
                Data = BarSimpleData.SimpleBar.Select(l => l.Value).ToList(),
                BackgroundColor = Colors.Palette1,
                BorderColor = Colors.PaletteBorder1,
                BorderWidth = 1
            });
    }
}

BarSimpleData

public class BarSimpleData
    {
        public static List<string> SimpleBarText = new List<string>() { "一月", "二月", "三月", "四月", "五月", "六月", "七月" };
        public static List<DataItem> SimpleBar = new List<DataItem>()
        {
            new DataItem() { Name = "一月", Value = 65 },
            new DataItem() { Name = "二月", Value = 59 },
            new DataItem() { Name = "三月", Value = 80 },
            new DataItem() { Name = "四月", Value = 81 },
            new DataItem() { Name = "五月", Value = 56 },
            new DataItem() { Name = "六月", Value = 55 },
            new DataItem() { Name = "七月", Value = 40 }
        };
    }

展示效果

餅圖

創(chuàng)建PieSimple.razor組件：

razor頁面代碼

@page "/PieSimple"
@using ChartjsExercise.Model
<h3>餅圖</h3>

<Chart Cnotallow="_config" @ref="_chart" Height="500px"></Chart>

@code {
    private PieChartConfig? _config;
    private Chart? _chart;

    protected override async Task OnInitializedAsync()
    {
        _config = new PieChartConfig()
            {
                Options = new PieOptions()
                {
                    Responsive = true,
                    MaintainAspectRatio = false
                }
            };

        _config.Data.Labels = PieSimpleData.SimplePieText;
        _config.Data.Datasets.Add(new PieDataset()
            {
                Label = "數(shù)據(jù)集",
                Data = PieSimpleData.SimplePie.ToList(),
                BackgroundColor = Colors.PaletteBorder1,
                HoverOffset = 4
            });
    }
}

PieSimpleData

public class PieSimpleData
    {
        public static List<string> SimplePieText = new List<string>() { "一月", "二月", "三月", "四月" };
        public static List<decimal?> SimplePie = new List<decimal?>() { 300, 50, 100, 20 };
    }

展示效果

圖片

折線圖

創(chuàng)建LineSimple.razor組件：

圖片

razor頁面代碼

@page "/LineSimple"
@using ChartjsExercise.Model

<h3>折線圖</h3>

<Chart Cnotallow="_config" @ref="_chart" Height="500px"></Chart>

@code {
    private LineChartConfig? _config;
    private Chart? _chart;

    protected override async Task OnInitializedAsync()
    {
        _config = new LineChartConfig()
        {
        };

        _config.Data.Labels = LineSimpleData.SimpleLineText;
        _config.Data.Datasets.Add(new LineDataset()
            {
                Label = "數(shù)據(jù)集",
                Data = LineSimpleData.SimpleLine.ToList(),
                BorderColor = Colors.PaletteBorder1.FirstOrDefault(),
                Tension = 0.1M,
                Fill = false,
                PointRadius = 15,
                PointStyle = PointStyle.Cross
            });
    }

    private void AddValue()
    {
        Random rd = new Random();
        _chart.AddData(new List<string?>() { "August" }, 0, new List<decimal?>() { rd.Next(0, 200) });
    }
}

LineSimpleData

public class LineSimpleData
    {
        public static List<string> SimpleLineText = new List<string>() { "一月", "二月", "三月", "四月", "五月", "六月", "七月" };
        public static List<decimal?> SimpleLine = new List<decimal?>() { 65, 59, 80, 81, 86, 55, 40 };
        public static List<decimal?> SimpleLine2 = new List<decimal?>() { 33, 25, 35, 51, 54, 76, 60 };
        public static List<decimal?> SimpleLine3 = new List<decimal?>() { 53, 91, 39, 61, 39, 87, 23 };
    }

展示效果

圖片

配置菜單導(dǎo)航欄

在組件NavMenu.razor中配置：

<div class="top-row ps-3 navbar navbar-dark">
    <div class="container-fluid">
        <a class="navbar-brand" href="">ChartjsExercise</a>
        <button title="Navigation menu" class="navbar-toggler" @notallow="ToggleNavMenu">
            <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
        </button>
    </div>
</div>

<div class="@NavMenuCssClass nav-scrollable" @notallow="ToggleNavMenu">
    <nav class="flex-column">
        <div class="nav-item px-3">
            <NavLink class="nav-link" href="" Match="NavLinkMatch.All">
                <span class="bi bi-house-door-fill-nav-menu" aria-hidden="true"></span> Home
            </NavLink>
        </div>
        <div class="nav-item px-3">
            <NavLink class="nav-link" href="BarSimple">
                <span class="bi bi-plus-square-fill-nav-menu" aria-hidden="true"></span>柱狀圖
            </NavLink>
        </div>
        <div class="nav-item px-3">
            <NavLink class="nav-link" href="PieSimple">
                <span class="bi bi-plus-square-fill-nav-menu" aria-hidden="true"></span>餅圖
            </NavLink>
        </div>
        <div class="nav-item px-3">
            <NavLink class="nav-link" href="LineSimple">
                <span class="bi bi-plus-square-fill-nav-menu" aria-hidden="true"></span>折線圖
            </NavLink>
        </div>
    </nav>
</div>

@code {
    private bool collapseNavMenu = true;

    private string? NavMenuCssClass => collapseNavMenu ? "collapse" : null;

    private void ToggleNavMenu()
    {
        collapseNavMenu = !collapseNavMenu;
    }
}